c. 50 – 135 AD
Epictetus
Born a slave, became a Stoic teacher
Epictetus was born into slavery and taught, once freed, the single distinction at the heart of Stoicism: some things are up to us, and some are not. His Discourses and the pocket-sized Enchiridion turn that idea into a daily practice.
Passages
What should a man have ready in such circumstances? This: what is mine and what is not, what is permitted and what is not. I must die. Must I die lamenting? I must be chained. Must I lament that too?
Epictetus · Discourses 1.2Read the context →
What is proposed to us. To live with desire and aversion free from restraint. Never to be disappointed in what you seek, nor to fall into what you avoid. All exercise tends toward this.
Epictetus · Discourses 40.1Read the context →
The thief thinks man's good consists in fine clothes — the very thing you also think. Must he not come and take them? Show a cake to the greedy and swallow it yourself — will they not snatch it?
Epictetus · Discourses 10.4Read the context →
When the tyrant threatens and calls you, ask: whom do you threaten? Chains threaten only your hands and feet. Beheading threatens only your head. Prison threatens only the body. None of it touches what matters.
Epictetus · Discourses 16.7Read the context →
Two things are mingled in us: body, which we share with the animals, and reason, which we share with the gods. Most people incline toward the body — the mortal, miserable kinship. Few choose the divine.
Epictetus · Discourses 3.1Read the context →
It is not the philosopher’s business to look after externals, his wine, oil, or poor body. His business is his own ruling power. As to externals, only do not be careless.
Epictetus · Discourses 39.5Read the context →
Such is the condition of things around us: cold and heat, bad roads, voyages, winds, and various circumstances destroy one man, banish another, throw one into service.
Epictetus · Discourses 46.2Read the context →
Have you a wild beast's disposition, the urge for revenge? A horse is not wretched when he cannot crow but when he cannot run. A dog, not when he cannot fly but when he cannot track.
Epictetus · Discourses 52.2Read the context →
What punishment for those who refuse to accept? To remain what they are. Is someone dissatisfied with solitude? Let him remain alone. With his parents? Then a bad son. With his children? A bad father.
Epictetus · Discourses 8.5Read the context →
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